WP7 · Society
The human factor
In the project plan: The Human Factor
Technology that works in theory can still meet public resistance. This work package studied what makes people willing to support new energy and mobility technology, what makes them act, and which features of a technology help adoption, through systematic reviews, expert interviews, focus groups, Delphi studies and lab experiments, and fed personal parameters to the agents of the integral model.
✎ draftPrincipal investigators
Derk LoorbachPrincipal investigator · Erasmus University Rotterdam (DRIFT)
Floor AlkemadePrincipal investigator · Eindhoven University of Technology Geert Verbong
Principal investigator · Eindhoven University of Technology
Reint Jan RenesPrincipal investigator · Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (HvA)
Soora RasouliPrincipal investigator · Eindhoven University of Technology
PhD researchers
Other researchers
Partners




Also involved: Municipality of Rotterdam
About this work package
Objectives
- Determine the basis for public support or resistance with regard to innovative technologies in the
domains of energy and mobility: What makes people willing? - Determine the most important psychological factors that trigger energy and mobility related
sustainable actions on the part of individuals for whom such actions are feasible: What makes
people act? - Determine the most important socio-technical factors that facilitate the acceptance and adoption of
innovative technological solutions in the domains of energy and mobility: Which aspects of
innovative technology make people smile?
Activities
- Perform a systematic review establishing the current evidence base for what determines public
support of, and opposition to innovative technologies in the domains of energy and mobility. - Perform a systematic review establishing the current evidence base for what triggers energy and
mobility related sustainable actions. - Perform a systematic review establishing the current evidence base for what socio-technical factors
facilitate the acceptance and adoption of innovative technological solutions in the domains of
energy and mobility. - Establish the practice-based relevance of the insights from the systematic reviews by means of indepth
interviews with experts involved in the innovative technological solutions. - Establish the practice-based relevance of the insights from the systematic reviews by means of
focus group discussions with potential consumers. - Setting up a series of Delphi studies to determine the most influential ‘adoption and acceptance’
factors related to the specific technologies of interest in this project. - Designing lab-experiments to test the actual effect of the defined psychological ‘adoption and
acceptance’ factors on the uptake of the innovative technologies:
a. Do they stimulate public support?
b. Do they trigger actions?
Expected output
- At least 4 scientific papers detailing the result of research into the aforementioned objectives
a. The most crucial evidence based human factors (M12)
b. The practice based relevance of the evidence based human factors (M24)
c. The actual effect on public opinion and consumer uptake: the energy case (M36)
d. The actual effect on public opinion and consumer uptake: the mobility case (M48) - At least 3 (public/professional/policy) listed taxonomies of influential factors related to the uptake
of innovative technologies in the domains of energy and mobility (M18) - At least 4 professional Dutch publications on the importance of the human factor in developing
successful innovative technological solutions for climate change (M12, M24, M36, M48) - A roadmap on how to develop ‘public & consumer-friendly’ technological solutions for climate
change (M48) - A full PhD thesis that builds upon the scientific papers listed above (M48)
- Personal parameters to parametrize the agents in the integral model.
- Contributions to papers containing integral model scenarios.
Text from the former NEON website (original page).
What the plan set out to do
Promises from the 2019 project plan, not results.
At least 4 scientific papers: evidence-based human factors (month 12), their practical relevance (month 24), the effect on public opinion and uptake in an energy case (month 36) and a mobility case (month 48).
At least 3 listed taxonomies of factors that influence uptake of energy and mobility innovations (month 18).
At least 4 professional Dutch publications on the human factor in climate technology.
A roadmap for developing public- and consumer-friendly climate technology (month 48).
A full PhD thesis (month 48).
Personal parameters for the agents in the integral model, and contributions to integral model scenario papers.
Publications and talks
- Sharing public residential charging points: A social-psychological perspective (phd-thesis, 2026)
- Moving your electric car for others: Identifying injunctive norms for sharing public charging points (journal-article, 2026)
- Predicting the community acceptance of airborne wind energy with the integrated acceptance model: Insights from two test sites (journal-article, 2026)
- Sharing neighbourhood charging points: Surveying communication and agreements between electric vehicle drivers in the Netherlands (journal-article, 2026)
- Community Responses to Airborne Wind Energy: What the Evidence Really Says. A short overview of the research landscape with insights for practice and policy (report, 2026)
- Resident Perceptions of an Onshore Airborne Wind Energy Test Site in Ireland: Survey Data (dataset, 2026)
- Community Acceptance of Airborne Wind Energy: Is the Sky the Limit? (phd-thesis, 2025)
- Exploring noise annoyance and sound quality for airborne wind energy systems: insights from a listening experiment (journal-article, 2025)
- JustWind4All / Airborne Wind Europe. Energy Read: Securing local support for Airborne Wind Energy projects. A guide for project developers. (report, 2025)
- Noise Annoyance Ratings for Airborne Wind Energy Systems: Data from a Controlled Listening Experiment (dataset, 2025)
- How do residents perceive energy-producing kites? Comparing the community acceptance of an airborne wind energy system and a wind farm in Germany (journal-article, 2024)
- Plugging in with neighbours: Defining the social dimension of electric vehicle charging in the Netherlands (journal-article, 2024)
- Community Perspectives on Offshore Airborne Wind Energy (conference-paper, 2024)
- Noisy Kites? Exploring Noise Annoyance for Airborne Wind Energy Systems with a Laboratory Listening Experiment (conference-paper, 2024)
- Will it Fly? An Interactive Role-Playing Game for Exploring Social Conflicts in Airborne Wind Energy Siting (conference-paper, 2024)
- Survey data on residents' assessment of an airborne wind energy system in Germany (dataset, 2024)
- Leaving no one behind!? Exploring how developers currently engage communities in onshore wind energy deployments (report, 2023)
- The Social Acceptance of Airborne Wind Energy: A Literature Review (journal-article, 2022)
- Social Acceptance of Airborne Wind Energy (conference-paper, 2022)
- PhD defence: Sharing public residential charging points: A social-psychological perspective (phd-defence, 2026-05-27)
- PhD defence: Community Acceptance of Airborne Wind Energy: Is the Sky the Limit? (phd-defence, 2025-10-31)
- Me@NEON: Helena Schmidt (news, 2021-06-16)